|
Johan Teterissa (born c. 1961) is an Indonesian elementary school teacher, activist and member of the Republic of the South Moluccas, or RMS, a small separatist group which advocates independence for the southern Maluku islands from Indonesia. Teterisa was sentenced to life in prison for treason in April 2008 after leading a nonviolent protest against Indonesian rule in 2007. Teterisa, and a group of 19 traditional Moluccan dancers, unfurled a secessionist flag of the banned South Moluccan Republic in front of Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on June 29, 2007, in Ambon, the capital of Maluku.〔 Amnesty International designated him a prisoner of conscience. == Background of RMS == The RMS is an separatist group which was formed during the 1950s. The RMS is a mainly Christian. The RMS is also known as the Republik Maluku Selatan, South Moluccan Republic or the South Maluku Republic, depending on the translation. The Moluccas, which were once known as the Spice Islands, are now commonly known by their Indonesian name, Maluku.〔 The islands are located approximately east of the national capital of Jakarta.〔 The Moluccas, who are populated by roughly even numbers of Christians and Muslims, were plagued by inter-religoius violence between the two groups from 1999 to 2002.〔 Indonesia is the world's largest Muslim country, though Christians form the a majority of the population in some eastern areas of the country,〔 such as Maluku,〔 West Papua, Flores and parts of Sulawesi. The RMS was formed in the 1950s following Indonesia's independence from the Netherlands. It is known by its Indonesian acronym, RMS, which stands for Republik Maluku Selatan.〔 The RMS were made up predominantly of Moluccan Christians, but included some Muslim members within its ranks.〔 The group declared an independent country, known as the Republic of the South Moluccas, or Republik Maluku Selatan (RMS), April 25, 1950.〔 The RMS was soon defeated by the Indonesian military, and its leadership formed an government in exile in the Netherlands, the former colonial ruler of Indonesia and the Moluccas. The RMS has kept a relatively low profile since the 1970s, when it was blamed for a series of terrorist attacks within the Netherlands,〔 including the 1975 Dutch train hostage crisis in Wijster. The RMS was largely forgotten in both Indonesia and worldwide until the eruption of violence between Christians and Muslims throughout the Moluccas in 1999.〔 The violence between the two religious groups, which spread across many of the islands, killed over 9,000 people and displaced thousands more.〔〔 The Muslim side of the conflict took to calling their Christian opponents "separatists," which gave legitimacy to their cause among Indonesia's mostly Muslim leadership and media.〔 The sectarian violence largely ended after 2002, but conflict continues to flare up sporadically.〔 Moluccan nationalism is stronger today because of the many Muslim immigrants from Celebes. Analysts say that the RMS poses little threat to the territorial integrity of Indonesia and presently has little support among the Moluccan population.〔 The RMS, which is much diminished from its height in the 1950s, has continued to wage a low-key, mostly nonviolent independence movement against the government, which include small nonviolent demonstrations such as the incident in which Teterisa convicted for treason.〔 The government of Indonesia regards all separatist movements, large and small, as a potential threat to national unity.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johan Teterisa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|